Help: Fn+h lists the keys of the screen you're on, and no screen names its keys any more (#69)

Fn+h on any screen, text fields included, and ? outside Text Entry, open a
panel over the content area: the screen's own keys, then the ones that work
everywhere. Every App declares its keys for the state it is in (pages,
viewers, dialogs and text fields answer for themselves); the App manager
opens the panel and takes every key while it is open.

About 30 hint lines are gone, from every App. What stays on a screen is
state. The first-start Setup keeps its hints and teaches the key; a device
set up before gets one Toast, once. The guide and the FAQ open with it.
`key help` over the consoles.

476 host tests (8 new). Checked on the device with key help and screenshots:
the Launcher, all nine Apps and several of their states. 8.5 KB of flash and
40 bytes of static RAM. Decisions Q196 to Q203 in docs/milestones/U1.md.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01EhqxQ49eCju4CzKYNjZzwT

src/apps/debug_console_page.cpp

@@ -74,6 +74,13 @@ bool DebugConsolePage::onKey(const KeyEvent& e) {
     return true;
 }
 
+void DebugConsolePage::help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const {
+    if (confirm_) return help::dialog(out);
+    if (typing_) return help::textEntry(out);
+    help::list(out, "switch, or open");
+    out.push_back({", /", "switch the console on or off"});
+}
+
 void DebugConsolePage::draw(Canvas& c) {
     const auto& area = theme::kContent;
     c.setTextDatum(top_left);
@@ -84,8 +91,6 @@ void DebugConsolePage::draw(Canvas& c) {
         widgets::lineEditor(c, editor_, {4, area.y + 22, area.w - 8, 0});
         c.setTextColor(refusal_.empty() ? theme::kMuted : theme::kWarning);
         c.drawString(refusal_.empty() ? "16 to 64 characters. Capitals or not, it's the same." : refusal_.c_str(), 4, area.y + 44);
-        c.setTextColor(theme::kMuted);
-        c.drawString("Enter: save   `: cancel", 4, area.y + 44 + theme::kLineHeight);
         return;
     }
 

src/apps/debug_console_page.h

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 
 #include "dialog_model.h"
 #include "key_event.h"
+#include "key_help.h"
 #include "line_editor.h"
 #include "list_model.h"
 #include "services/wifi_service.h"
@@ -25,6 +26,8 @@ class DebugConsolePage {
     bool onKey(const KeyEvent& e);  // false: leave the page
     bool textEntryActive() const { return typing_; }
     void draw(Canvas& c);
+    void help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const;
+    const char* helpTitle() const { return typing_ ? "A token of your own" : "Debug Console"; }
 
    private:
     enum Row { kSwitch, kAddress, kNewToken, kTypeToken, kRows };

src/apps/demo_app.cpp

@@ -25,6 +25,15 @@ void DemoApp::notify(const char* text, NotificationLevel level) {
     bus_.publish(Event::withText(EventType::Notification, text, static_cast<int32_t>(level)));
 }
 
+void DemoApp::help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const {
+    if (dialog_) return help::dialog(out);
+    switch (page_) {
+        case Page::Menu: help::list(out, "try the widget"); break;
+        case Page::Text: out.push_back({"; .", "scroll"}); break;
+        case Page::Editor: help::textEntry(out, "show the text as a Toast"); break;
+    }
+}
+
 bool DemoApp::onKey(const KeyEvent& e) {
     requestRedraw();
     if (dialog_) {
@@ -97,7 +106,7 @@ void DemoApp::draw(Canvas& c) {
         }
         case Page::Editor:
             c.setTextColor(theme::kMuted);
-            c.drawString("Type (opt ' e = \xC3\xA9). Enter: toast", 4, area.y + 4);
+            c.drawString("A line editor", 4, area.y + 4);
             widgets::lineEditor(c, editor_, {4, area.y + 22, area.w - 8, 0});
             c.setTextColor(theme::kMuted);
             c.drawString((std::to_string(editor_.text().size()) + "/39 bytes").c_str(), 4, area.y + 44);

src/apps/demo_app.h

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ class DemoApp : public App {
     bool onKey(const KeyEvent& e) override;
     bool textEntryActive() const override { return page_ == Page::Editor && !dialog_; }
     void draw(Canvas& c) override;
+    void help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const override;
 
    private:
     enum class Page { Menu, Text, Editor };

src/apps/file_viewer.cpp

@@ -265,6 +265,30 @@ void FileViewer::openPacket(int index) {
     mode_ = Mode::Packet;
 }
 
+void FileViewer::help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const {
+    if (confirm_) return help::dialog(out);
+    switch (mode_) {
+        case Mode::Packet:
+            out.push_back({"; .", "scroll"});
+            out.push_back({"Enter", "back to the packets"});
+            return;
+        case Mode::Text:
+        case Mode::Hex:
+            out.push_back({"; .", "a line up, down"});
+            out.push_back({", /", "a page up, down"});
+            out.push_back({"t  b", "the top, the end"});
+            if (mode_ == Mode::Text) out.push_back({"e", "edit it (up to 16 KB)"});
+            break;
+        case Mode::Pcap:
+            help::list(out, "the packet");
+            out.push_back({", /", "a page up, down"});
+            break;
+        case Mode::Ota: out.push_back({"Enter", "install it, if it's genuine"}); break;
+        case Mode::Gpx: break;
+    }
+    out.push_back({"Tab", mode_ != base_ ? "back to the file's own view" : base_ == Mode::Hex || base_ == Mode::Gpx ? "the file as text" : "the file as hex"});
+}
+
 bool FileViewer::onKey(const KeyEvent& e) {
     if (confirm_) {
         confirm_->onKey(e);
@@ -380,7 +404,7 @@ void FileViewer::draw(Canvas& c) {
     refresh();
     c.setTextDatum(top_left);
     theme::Rect body{area.x, area.y + 10, area.w, kRows * theme::kLineHeight};
-    std::string right, keys = "Tab: hex";
+    std::string right;
     bool scanning = scan_ && !scan_->done;
 
     switch (mode_) {
@@ -396,8 +420,6 @@ void FileViewer::draw(Canvas& c) {
                 c.fillRect(area.w - 2, barY, 2, barH, theme::kMuted);
             }
             right = formatBytes(size_);
-            keys = std::string("Tab: ") + (mode_ != base_ ? "back" : mode_ == Mode::Text ? "hex" : "text") + "  t: top  b: end";
-            if (mode_ == Mode::Text) keys += "  e: edit";
             break;
         }
         case Mode::Gpx: {
@@ -407,7 +429,6 @@ void FileViewer::draw(Canvas& c) {
             else if (scan_) lines = scan_->gpx.lines();
             widgets::textLines(c, lines, 0, body);
             right = formatBytes(size_);
-            keys = "Tab: the file as text";
             break;
         }
         case Mode::Pcap: {
@@ -423,7 +444,6 @@ void FileViewer::draw(Canvas& c) {
                     return row < shown_.size() ? shown_[row] : std::string();
                 });
                 right = std::to_string(scan_->packets.size()) + (scan_->morePackets ? "+ packets" : " packets");
-                keys = "Enter: the packet  Tab: hex";
             }
             break;
         }
@@ -447,7 +467,6 @@ void FileViewer::draw(Canvas& c) {
             }
             widgets::textLines(c, lines, 0, body);
             right = formatBytes(size_);
-            keys = ok ? "Enter: install  Tab: hex" : "Tab: hex";
             if (confirm_) {
                 widgets::dialog(c, "Install update?", "The device restarts into " + scan_->version + " once it's written.", *confirm_);
                 return;
@@ -464,7 +483,7 @@ void FileViewer::draw(Canvas& c) {
     c.drawString(right.c_str(), area.w - 3, area.y + 1);
     c.setTextDatum(top_left);
     if (!message_.empty()) c.setTextColor(theme::kWarning);
-    c.drawString(message_.empty() ? keys.c_str() : message_.c_str(), 4, area.y + area.h - 9);
+    if (!message_.empty()) c.drawString(message_.c_str(), 4, area.y + area.h - 9);
 }
 
 }  // namespace roro

src/apps/file_viewer.h

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "dialog_model.h"
+#include "key_help.h"
 #include "key_event.h"
 #include "list_model.h"
 #include "services/storage_service.h"
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ class FileViewer {
     void open(const std::string& path, uint32_t size);
     void close();
     bool onKey(const KeyEvent& e);  // false: leave the viewer
+    void help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const;
     bool update(uint32_t nowMs);    // true: draw again
     void draw(Canvas& c);
 

src/apps/firmware_page.cpp

@@ -63,9 +63,9 @@ std::string FirmwarePage::latestText(bool& warn) const {
     release::Release r;
     if (g.status() == GiteaReleases::Status::Failed && !g.latest(r)) {
         warn = true;
-        return "failed: Enter retries";
+        return "the check failed";
     }
-    if (!g.latest(r)) return "Enter: check";
+    if (!g.latest(r)) return "not checked yet";
     return r.tag + (release::isNewer(r, update_.runningVersion()) ? " (new)" : " (current)");
 }
 
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ void FirmwarePage::drawRelease(Canvas& c) {
     c.setFont(&fonts::small);
     c.setTextDatum(top_left);
     c.setTextColor(theme::kMuted);
-    c.drawString(ok ? "Enter: install   c: check again" : (why + "   c: check").c_str(), 4, area.y + area.h - 9);
+    if (!ok) c.drawString(why.c_str(), 4, area.y + area.h - 9);  // why it can't be installed from here
 }
 
 void FirmwarePage::drawOlder(Canvas& c) {
@@ -232,9 +232,29 @@ void FirmwarePage::drawOlder(Canvas& c) {
             return r.tag + (r.tag == running ? "  (running)" : release::versionNewer(r.tag, running) ? "  (new)" : "");
         },
         [&](int i) { return olderReleases_[i].date(); });
-    c.setFont(&fonts::small);
-    c.setTextColor(theme::kMuted);
-    c.drawString("Enter: details   c: look again", 4, area.y + area.h - 9);
+}
+
+void FirmwarePage::help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const {
+    if (confirm_) return help::dialog(out);
+    switch (view_) {
+        case View::Main:
+            help::list(out, "check, open, or install");
+            out.push_back({"c", "look for a newer release"});
+            break;
+        case View::Release:
+            out.push_back({"; .", "scroll"});
+            out.push_back({"Enter", "install it"});
+            out.push_back({"c", "check again"});
+            break;
+        case View::Older:
+            help::list(out, "its details");
+            out.push_back({"c", "read the list again"});
+            break;
+    }
+}
+
+const char* FirmwarePage::helpTitle() const {
+    return view_ == View::Release ? "A release" : view_ == View::Older ? "Older releases" : "Firmware";
 }
 
 void FirmwarePage::drawMain(Canvas& c) {

src/apps/firmware_page.h

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
 #include "dialog_model.h"
 #include "key_event.h"
+#include "key_help.h"
 #include "list_model.h"
 #include "release_info.h"
 #include "services/storage_service.h"
@@ -28,6 +29,8 @@ class FirmwarePage {
     void enter();
     bool onKey(const KeyEvent& e);  // false: leave the page
     void draw(Canvas& c);
+    void help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const;
+    const char* helpTitle() const;
 
    private:
     enum Row { kVersion, kStatus, kAddress, kLatest, kOlder, kSdHeader, kFixed };

src/apps/gemini_app.cpp

@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ void GeminiApp::update(uint32_t nowMs) {
                         else {
                             std::string mime = result.header.mimeType();
                             showMessage(url, "# Not a text page\nThis is " + mime +
-                                                 ", which the Cardputer can't show. s saves it to the card, in "
+                                                 ", which the Cardputer can't show. Saving it puts it on the card, in "
                                                  "/gemini/downloads.\n");
                             page_.header.meta = mime;  // so s knows to download it
                         }
@@ -302,6 +302,32 @@ void GeminiApp::selectLink(int direction) {
     requestRedraw();
 }
 
+void GeminiApp::help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const {
+    if (certDialog_ || deleteDialog_) return help::dialog(out);
+    if (inputOpen_) return help::textEntry(out, "send it");
+    if (addressOpen_) return help::textEntry(out, "go there");
+    out.push_back({"Tab", "the next link"});
+    out.push_back({"Aa Tab", "the link before"});
+    out.push_back({"Enter", "follow the link"});
+    out.push_back({"`  Del", "the page before"});
+    out.push_back({"; .", "scroll"});
+    out.push_back({"Space", "a page down"});
+    out.push_back({", /", "sideways, in wide blocks"});
+    out.push_back({"g", "type an address"});
+    out.push_back({"b", "bookmark this page"});
+    if (isSaved()) {
+        out.push_back({"r", "refresh this Saved Page"});
+        out.push_back({"d", "delete this Saved Page"});
+    } else {
+        out.push_back({"s", "save the page to the card"});
+        out.push_back({"S", "...with the pages it links to"});
+    }
+}
+
+const char* GeminiApp::helpTitle() const {
+    return inputOpen_ ? "Gemini: an answer" : addressOpen_ ? "Gemini: an address" : nullptr;
+}
+
 bool GeminiApp::onKey(const KeyEvent& e) {
     requestRedraw();
     if (certDialog_) {
@@ -388,7 +414,7 @@ bool GeminiApp::onKey(const KeyEvent& e) {
                     if (isGemini(page_.base())) gemini_.addBookmark(page_.base(), titleOf());
                     break;
                 case 's':  // Q82, Q73
-                    if (isSaved()) status_ = "Already saved; r refreshes it";
+                    if (isSaved()) status_ = "Already saved: it can be refreshed";
                     else if (!isGemini(page_.url)) status_ = "Only Gemini pages can be saved";
                     else if (page_.header.mimeType().rfind("text/", 0) == 0) gemini_.save(page_.url);
                     else gemini_.download(page_.url);
@@ -485,7 +511,7 @@ void GeminiApp::draw(Canvas& c) {
         c.fillRect(box.x - 2, box.y - 12, box.w + 4, box.h + 14, theme::kBackground);
         c.setFont(&fonts::small);
         c.setTextColor(theme::kMuted);
-        c.drawString("Go to (Enter, or ` to cancel)", box.x, box.y - 10);
+        c.drawString("Go to", box.x, box.y - 10);
         widgets::lineEditor(c, address_, box);
     }
     if (inputOpen_) {
@@ -496,7 +522,7 @@ void GeminiApp::draw(Canvas& c) {
         c.drawString(displayText(inputPrompt_).substr(0, 39).c_str(), box.x, box.y - 22);
         c.setFont(&fonts::small);
         c.setTextColor(theme::kMuted);
-        c.drawString(inputSensitive_ ? "(hidden) Enter sends, ` cancels" : "Enter sends, ` cancels", box.x, box.y - 9);
+        if (inputSensitive_) c.drawString("(hidden)", box.x, box.y - 9);
         if (inputSensitive_) {
             LineEditor masked(1024);
             masked.setText(std::string(input_.text().size(), '*'));

src/apps/gemini_app.h

@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ class GeminiApp : public App {
     bool textEntryActive() const override { return addressOpen_ || inputOpen_; }
     void update(uint32_t nowMs) override;
     void draw(Canvas& c) override;
+    void help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const override;
+    const char* helpTitle() const override;
 
    private:
     struct Visit {

src/apps/gnss_app.cpp

@@ -80,11 +80,11 @@ void GnssApp::draw(Canvas& c) {
         return;
     }
     sky_ ? drawSky(c) : drawPosition(c);
-    c.setFont(&fonts::small);
-    c.setTextColor(theme::kMuted);
-    c.setTextDatum(top_right);
-    c.drawString(sky_ ? "Tab: position" : "Tab: sky", area.w - 3, area.y + area.h - 9);
-    c.setTextDatum(top_left);
+}
+
+void GnssApp::help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const {
+    out.push_back({"Tab", sky_ ? "the position" : "the sky"});
+    out.push_back({"r", gnss_.tracking() ? "stop the Track" : "record a Track"});
 }
 
 void GnssApp::drawPosition(Canvas& c) {
@@ -139,15 +139,12 @@ void GnssApp::drawPosition(Canvas& c) {
     c.setFont(&fonts::small);
     if (gnss_.tracking()) {
         c.setTextColor(theme::kWarning);
-        std::snprintf(line, sizeof line, "REC %d point%s, %s  r: stop", gnss_.trackPoints(),
+        std::snprintf(line, sizeof line, "REC %d point%s, %s", gnss_.trackPoints(),
                       gnss_.trackPoints() == 1 ? "" : "s", duration(now - gnss_.trackStartMs()).c_str());
     } else if (!refusal_.empty() && now - refusalMs_ < 4000) {
         c.setTextColor(theme::kWarning);
         std::snprintf(line, sizeof line, "%s", refusal_.c_str());
-    } else {
-        c.setTextColor(theme::kMuted);
-        std::snprintf(line, sizeof line, "r: record a Track");
-    }
+    } else line[0] = 0;
     c.drawString(line, 4, area.y + area.h - 9);
 }
 

src/apps/gnss_app.h

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ class GnssApp : public App {
     bool onKey(const KeyEvent& e) override;
     void update(uint32_t nowMs) override;
     void draw(Canvas& c) override;
+    void help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const override;
 
    private:
     void drawPosition(Canvas& c);

src/apps/irc_app.cpp

@@ -299,6 +299,36 @@ void IrcApp::drawChat(Canvas& c) {
     widgets::lineEditor(c, input_, {2, area.y + area.h - inputH, area.w - 4, 0});
 }
 
+void IrcApp::help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const {
+    if (page_ == Page::Settings) {
+        if (editing_) return help::textEntry(out, "keep it");
+        help::list(out, "edit, switch, or save");
+        out.push_back({"`", "leave without saving"});
+        return;
+    }
+    out.push_back({"Enter", "send the line"});
+    out.push_back({"Tab", "the next buffer"});
+    out.push_back({"Alt ; .", "scroll back, forward"});
+    out.push_back({"Fn ; .", "lines you sent before"});
+    out.push_back({"Fn , /", "move the cursor"});
+    out.push_back({"Del", "delete backwards"});
+    out.push_back({"/settings", "server, nick, passwords"});
+    out.push_back({"/join #x", "join a channel"});
+    out.push_back({"/part", "leave it"});
+    out.push_back({"/msg nick", "a private chat"});
+    out.push_back({"/me", "an action"});
+    out.push_back({"/nick", "change your nick"});
+    out.push_back({"/topic", "see or set the topic"});
+    out.push_back({"/names", "who is there"});
+    out.push_back({"/quit", "disconnect, and stay so"});
+    out.push_back({"/raw", "a line as it is"});
+    out.push_back({"`", "leave: IRC stays connected"});
+}
+
+const char* IrcApp::helpTitle() const {
+    return page_ == Page::Settings ? (editing_ ? "IRC: a setting" : "IRC settings") : nullptr;
+}
+
 void IrcApp::drawSettings(Canvas& c) {
     const auto& area = theme::kContent;
     if (editing_) {
@@ -306,8 +336,7 @@ void IrcApp::drawSettings(Canvas& c) {
         c.setTextColor(theme::kMuted);
         c.drawString(fieldLabel(fields_.selected()).c_str(), 4, area.y + 4);
         widgets::lineEditor(c, fieldEditor_, {4, area.y + 22, area.w - 8, 0});
-        c.drawString(fields_.selected() == kAutojoin ? "e.g. #roro, #private key" : "Enter: OK   `: cancel", 4,
-                     area.y + 44);
+        if (fields_.selected() == kAutojoin) c.drawString("e.g. #roro, #private key", 4, area.y + 44);
         return;
     }
     widgets::list(

src/apps/irc_app.h

@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ class IrcApp : public App {
     void update(uint32_t nowMs) override;
     bool textEntryActive() const override { return page_ == Page::Chat || editing_; }
     void draw(Canvas& c) override;
+    void help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const override;
+    const char* helpTitle() const override;
 
    private:
     enum class Page { Chat, Settings };

src/apps/launcher_app.h

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ class LauncherApp : public App {
     void onEnter() override;
     bool onKey(const KeyEvent& e) override;
     void draw(Canvas& c) override;
+    void help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const override { help::list(out, "open the App"); }
 
    private:
     AppManager* manager_ = nullptr;

src/apps/lora_scanner_app.cpp

@@ -165,6 +165,32 @@ void LoraScannerApp::update(uint32_t nowMs) {
         requestRedraw();
 }
 
+void LoraScannerApp::help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const {
+    switch (view_) {
+        case View::Packets:
+            help::list(out, "the packet's details");
+            out.push_back({"p", "pick a Meshtastic preset"});
+            out.push_back({"c", capture_.capturing() ? "stop the Capture" : "start a Capture (pcap)"});
+            out.push_back({"Tab", "the Sweep"});
+            break;
+        case View::Details:
+            out.push_back({"; .", "scroll"});
+            out.push_back({"Enter", "back to the list"});
+            break;
+        case View::Presets: help::list(out, "listen with this preset"); break;
+        case View::Sweep: out.push_back({"Tab", "the Sniffer"}); break;
+    }
+}
+
+const char* LoraScannerApp::helpTitle() const {
+    switch (view_) {
+        case View::Details: return "A LoRa packet";
+        case View::Presets: return "LoRa presets";
+        case View::Sweep: return "LoRa Sweep";
+        default: return nullptr;
+    }
+}
+
 void LoraScannerApp::draw(Canvas& c) {
     lastDrawMs_ = millis();
     c.setTextDatum(top_left);
@@ -234,8 +260,7 @@ void LoraScannerApp::drawPackets(Canvas& c) {
     c.setFont(&fonts::small);
     bool showMessage = !message_.empty() && millis() - messageMs_ < kMessageMs;
     c.setTextColor(showMessage ? theme::kWarning : theme::kMuted);
-    std::string keys = std::string("Enter: details  p: preset  Tab: sweep  c: ") + (capture_.capturing() ? "stop" : "capture");
-    c.drawString(showMessage ? message_.c_str() : keys.c_str(), 4, area.y + area.h - 9);
+    if (showMessage) c.drawString(message_.c_str(), 4, area.y + area.h - 9);
 }
 
 void LoraScannerApp::drawDetails(Canvas& c) {
@@ -329,9 +354,9 @@ void LoraScannerApp::drawSweep(Canvas& c) {
     c.drawString(line, x0 + f.steps * cell, wfTop + kWaterfallRows + 1);
     c.setTextDatum(top_left);
     if (st.peaks.empty())
-        std::snprintf(line, sizeof line, "floor %d dBm, nothing above it   Tab: sniffer", st.floor);
+        std::snprintf(line, sizeof line, "floor %d dBm, nothing above it", st.floor);
     else
-        std::snprintf(line, sizeof line, "floor %d, %.1f MHz at %d dBm   Tab: sniffer", st.floor, st.peaks[0].hz / 1e6,
+        std::snprintf(line, sizeof line, "floor %d, %.1f MHz at %d dBm", st.floor, st.peaks[0].hz / 1e6,
                       st.peaks[0].dbm);
     c.setTextColor(theme::kMuted);
     c.drawString(line, 4, y);

src/apps/lora_scanner_app.h

@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ class LoraScannerApp : public App {
     bool onKey(const KeyEvent& e) override;
     void update(uint32_t nowMs) override;
     void draw(Canvas& c) override;
+    void help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const override;
+    const char* helpTitle() const override;
 
    private:
     enum class View { Packets, Details, Presets, Sweep };

src/apps/maintenance_page.cpp

@@ -35,6 +35,11 @@ CleanupPlan MaintenancePage::planFor(int age) const {
     return CleanupPlan::make(listing_[categories_.selected()], cutoff, today);
 }
 
+void MaintenancePage::help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const {
+    if (dialog_) return help::dialog(out);
+    help::list(out, view_ == View::Main ? "open" : view_ == View::Categories ? "choose what to clean" : "choose how old");
+}
+
 bool MaintenancePage::onKey(const KeyEvent& e) {
     if (dialog_) {
         dialog_->onKey(e);

src/apps/maintenance_page.h

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 
 #include "cleanup_plan.h"
 #include "dialog_model.h"
+#include "key_help.h"
 #include "event_bus.h"
 #include "key_event.h"
 #include "list_model.h"
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@ class MaintenancePage {
     void enter();
     bool onKey(const KeyEvent& e);  // false: leave the page
     void draw(Canvas& c);
+    void help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const;
 
    private:
     enum class View { Main, Categories, Ages };

src/apps/note_editor.cpp

@@ -182,6 +182,18 @@ bool NoteEditor::save() {
     return true;
 }
 
+void NoteEditor::help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const {
+    if (dialog_) return help::dialog(out);
+    out.push_back({"Enter", "a new line"});
+    out.push_back({"Del", "delete backwards"});
+    out.push_back({"Tab", "two spaces"});
+    out.push_back({"Fn ; . , /", "move the cursor"});
+    out.push_back({"Alt Fn ; .", "a page up, down"});
+    out.push_back({"Ctrl a  e", "start, end of the line"});
+    out.push_back({"opt ' e", "an accent: \xC3\xA9"});
+    out.push_back({"`", "done: it saves by itself"});
+}
+
 bool NoteEditor::onKey(const KeyEvent& e) {
     if (!text_) return false;
     redraw_ = true;
@@ -290,7 +302,7 @@ void NoteEditor::draw(Canvas& c) {
     c.setFont(&fonts::small);
     bool showMessage = !message_.empty() && millis() - messageMs_ < kMessageMs;
     c.setTextColor(showMessage ? theme::kWarning : theme::kMuted);
-    c.drawString(showMessage ? message_.c_str() : "Fn+arrows: move  Ctrl+A/E: line  Back: done", 4, area.y + area.h - 9);
+    if (showMessage) c.drawString(message_.c_str(), 4, area.y + area.h - 9);
 
     if (dialog_ && ask_ == Ask::Recover)
         widgets::dialog(c, "Unsaved copy", "A save of this note was cut short. Its copy has " + formatBytes(recovered_.size()) + ", the note " +

src/apps/note_editor.h

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "dialog_model.h"
+#include "key_help.h"
 #include "key_event.h"
 #include "note_text.h"
 #include "services/clock_service.h"
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ class NoteEditor {
     const std::string& path() const { return path_; }  // "" for a new note nothing was typed in
 
     bool onKey(const KeyEvent& e);  // false: done, and saved
+    void help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const;
     bool update(uint32_t nowMs);    // true: draw again
     void draw(Canvas& c);
 

src/apps/notes_app.cpp

@@ -173,6 +173,23 @@ std::string NotesApp::titleOf(int row) {
     return files::fitName(list_.name(notes_[row]), kTitleChars);  // an empty note, or not a text
 }
 
+void NotesApp::help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const {
+    if (view_ == View::Edit) return editor_.help(out);
+    if (dialog_) return help::dialog(out);
+    if (view_ == View::Name) return help::textEntry(out, "rename the file");
+    if (view_ == View::NoMemory) return;
+    help::list(out, "open the note");
+    out.push_back({", /", "a page up, down"});
+    out.push_back({"n", "a new note"});
+    out.push_back({"r", "rename its file"});
+    out.push_back({"d  Del", "delete it"});
+    out.push_back({"s", "sort: newest, or by name"});
+}
+
+const char* NotesApp::helpTitle() const {
+    return view_ == View::Edit ? "Notes: the editor" : view_ == View::Name ? "Notes: a file name" : nullptr;
+}
+
 bool NotesApp::onKey(const KeyEvent& e) {
     requestRedraw();
     if (view_ == View::NoMemory) return false;
@@ -315,7 +332,6 @@ void NotesApp::draw(Canvas& c) {
     } else if (notes_.empty()) {
         c.setTextColor(theme::kMuted);
         c.drawString("No notes yet.", 4, rows.y + 4);
-        c.drawString("n starts one.", 4, rows.y + 4 + theme::kLineHeight);
     } else {
         readTitles();
         widgets::list(
@@ -329,7 +345,7 @@ void NotesApp::draw(Canvas& c) {
     c.setFont(&fonts::small);
     bool showMessage = !message_.empty() && millis() - messageMs_ < kMessageMs;
     c.setTextColor(showMessage ? theme::kWarning : theme::kMuted);
-    c.drawString(showMessage ? message_.c_str() : "n: new  Enter: open  r: name  d: del  s: sort", 4, area.y + area.h - 9);
+    if (showMessage) c.drawString(message_.c_str(), 4, area.y + area.h - 9);
 
     if (view_ == View::Name) {
         theme::Rect box{16, 44, theme::kWidth - 32, 48};

src/apps/notes_app.h

@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ class NotesApp : public App {
     bool textEntryActive() const override { return view_ == View::Edit || view_ == View::Name; }
     void update(uint32_t nowMs) override;
     void draw(Canvas& c) override;
+    void help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const override;
+    const char* helpTitle() const override;
 
    private:
     enum class View { List, Edit, Name, NoMemory };

src/apps/settings_app.cpp

@@ -129,6 +129,31 @@ bool SettingsApp::onAboutKey(const KeyEvent& e) {
     return true;
 }
 
+void SettingsApp::help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const {
+    switch (page_) {
+        case Page::Menu:
+            help::list(out, "edit, or open the page");
+            out.push_back({", /", "change a switch or a slider"});
+            break;
+        case Page::Text: help::textEntry(out); break;
+        case Page::Choice: help::list(out, "choose it"); break;
+        case Page::About: break;
+        case Page::Wifi: wifiPage_.help(out); break;
+        case Page::Firmware: firmwarePage_.help(out); break;
+        case Page::Debug: debugPage_.help(out); break;
+    }
+}
+
+const char* SettingsApp::helpTitle() const {
+    switch (page_) {
+        case Page::Wifi: return wifiPage_.helpTitle();
+        case Page::Firmware: return firmwarePage_.helpTitle();
+        case Page::Debug: return debugPage_.helpTitle();
+        case Page::About: return "About";
+        default: return nullptr;
+    }
+}
+
 void SettingsApp::update(uint32_t nowMs) {
     // Live values on About and Firmware.
     bool live = page_ == Page::About || page_ == Page::Firmware || page_ == Page::Debug ||
@@ -177,10 +202,8 @@ void SettingsApp::draw(Canvas& c) {
             c.setTextColor(theme::kMuted);
             c.drawString(menu_.label(editingRow_).c_str(), 4, area.y + 4);
             widgets::lineEditor(c, editor_, {4, area.y + 22, area.w - 8, 0});
-            c.drawString(("Enter: save   `: cancel   " + std::to_string(editor_.text().size()) + "/" +
-                          std::to_string(editor_.maxBytes()) + " bytes")
-                             .c_str(),
-                         4, area.y + 44);
+            c.drawString((std::to_string(editor_.text().size()) + " of " + std::to_string(editor_.maxBytes()) + " bytes").c_str(), 4,
+                         area.y + 44);
             break;
         case Page::Choice: {
             auto options = menu_.choices(editingRow_);

src/apps/settings_app.h

@@ -50,6 +50,8 @@ class SettingsApp : public App {
                (page_ == Page::Debug && debugPage_.textEntryActive());
     }
     void draw(Canvas& c) override;
+    void help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const override;
+    const char* helpTitle() const override;
 
    private:
     enum class Page { Menu, Text, Choice, About, Wifi, Firmware, Debug };

src/apps/setup_app.cpp

@@ -44,6 +44,24 @@ bool SetupApp::onKey(const KeyEvent& e) {
     return true;
 }
 
+void SetupApp::help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const {
+    switch (wizard_.step()) {
+        case Step::LongName:
+        case Step::ShortName: help::textEntry(out, "next step"); break;
+        case Step::Region:
+        case Step::Timezone:
+            help::list(out, "choose it, next step");
+            out.push_back({"`", "the step before"});
+            break;
+        default:
+            out.push_back({"Enter", "continue"});
+            out.push_back({"`", "the step before"});
+            break;
+    }
+}
+
+// The one place that names keys on the screen (Q200): someone in their first minute doesn't know
+// the help key yet, and this is where they learn it.
 void SetupApp::draw(Canvas& c) {
     const auto& area = theme::kContent;
     auto heading = [&](const char* text) {
@@ -63,6 +81,7 @@ void SetupApp::draw(Canvas& c) {
             heading("Welcome to roro9stack");
             note("Let's set up this device: your names on the mesh, your radio region and your timezone.",
                  area.y + 22, theme::kText);
+            note("One key to know: Fn + h lists the keys of the screen you're on.", area.y + 22 + 4 * theme::kLineHeight, theme::kAccent);
             note("Enter: continue", area.y + area.h - 14);
             break;
         case Step::LongName:
@@ -88,8 +107,10 @@ void SetupApp::draw(Canvas& c) {
                           [this](int i) { return wizard_.choiceLabel(i); });
             break;
         case Step::Done:
-            heading("All set");
-            note("You can change all of this later in Settings.", area.y + 22, theme::kText);
+            heading("All set. One key to remember:");
+            note("Fn + h, on any screen, lists the keys that work there. No screen names its keys: that key does. Try it now.",
+                 area.y + 22, theme::kAccent);
+            note("The rest can be changed later in Settings.", area.y + 22 + 4 * theme::kLineHeight, theme::kText);
             note("Enter: start   `: go back", area.y + area.h - 14);
             break;
     }

src/apps/setup_app.h

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ class SetupApp : public App {
         return wizard_.step() == SetupWizard::Step::LongName || wizard_.step() == SetupWizard::Step::ShortName;
     }
     void draw(Canvas& c) override;
+    void help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const override;
+    const char* helpTitle() const override { return "Setup"; }
 
    private:
     AppManager& apps_;

src/apps/storage_app.cpp

@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ void StorageApp::onFinished(const FileOps::Status& s) {
 }
 
 void StorageApp::paste(bool replace) {
-    if (!clip_) return say("Nothing to paste: c copies, x cuts");
+    if (!clip_) return say("Nothing to paste: copy or cut something first");
     std::string name = baseName(clip_.path), why;
     if (cut_) {
         why = ops_.move(clip_.path, clip_.folder, joinPath(cwd_, name), replace);
@@ -273,6 +273,45 @@ void StorageApp::showDetails(const Item& item) {
     view_ = View::Details;
 }
 
+void StorageApp::help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const {
+    switch (view_) {
+        case View::NoMemory: return;
+        case View::Maintenance: return maintenance_.help(out);
+        case View::Editor: return noteEditor_.help(out);
+        case View::Viewer: return viewer_.help(out);
+        case View::Details:
+            out.push_back({"; .", "scroll"});
+            out.push_back({"Enter", "back to the folder"});
+            return;
+        default: break;
+    }
+    if (dialog_) return help::dialog(out);
+    if (wantList_ || wait_ != Wait::None) return (void)out.push_back({"`", "stop the copy or the delete"});
+    if (view_ == View::Name) return help::textEntry(out, renaming_ ? "rename it" : "make the folder");
+    help::list(out, "open the folder or the file");
+    out.push_back({", /", "a page up, down"});
+    out.push_back({"c  x", "copy, cut"});
+    out.push_back({"v", "paste here"});
+    out.push_back({"r", "rename"});
+    out.push_back({"d  Del", "delete, after asking"});
+    out.push_back({"n", "a new folder"});
+    out.push_back({"i", "details: size, date, type"});
+    out.push_back({"s", "sort: name, date, size"});
+    out.push_back({"m", "Maintenance: clean-up, erase"});
+    out.push_back({"`", "the folder above"});
+}
+
+const char* StorageApp::helpTitle() const {
+    switch (view_) {
+        case View::Maintenance: return "Storage: maintenance";
+        case View::Editor: return "Storage: the editor";
+        case View::Viewer: return "Storage: a file";
+        case View::Details: return "Storage: details";
+        case View::Name: return "Storage: a name";
+        default: return nullptr;
+    }
+}
+
 bool StorageApp::onKey(const KeyEvent& e) {
     requestRedraw();
     if (view_ == View::NoMemory) return false;
@@ -434,7 +473,7 @@ bool StorageApp::onBrowseKey(const KeyEvent& e) {
     if (ch == 'c') {
         clip_ = item;
         cut_ = false;
-        say("v pastes a copy of " + name);
+        say("Copied " + name + ": paste it where you like");
         return true;
     }
     // Cut, rename and delete change the original: the rules of Q130 first.
@@ -446,7 +485,7 @@ bool StorageApp::onBrowseKey(const KeyEvent& e) {
     if (ch == 'x') {
         clip_ = item;
         cut_ = true;
-        say("v moves " + name + " here");
+        say("Cut " + name + ": paste it where it should go");
     } else if (ch == 'r') {
         target_ = item;
         renaming_ = true;
@@ -542,7 +581,6 @@ void StorageApp::drawBrowse(Canvas& c) {
     } else if (rows_.count() == 0) {
         c.setTextColor(theme::kMuted);
         c.drawString("Nothing in this folder.", 4, rows.y + 4);
-        c.drawString("n makes a folder, v pastes.", 4, rows.y + 4 + theme::kLineHeight);
     } else {
         int entries = static_cast<int>(list_.count());
         auto value = [&](int i) {
@@ -558,13 +596,13 @@ void StorageApp::drawBrowse(Canvas& c) {
             value);
     }
 
-    // Footer: a message for a few seconds, what v would paste, or the keys.
+    // Footer: a message for a few seconds, or what a paste would do. Never the keys (Fn+h).
     c.setFont(&fonts::small);
     bool showMessage = !message_.empty() && millis() - messageMs_ < kMessageMs;
     c.setTextColor(showMessage ? theme::kWarning : theme::kMuted);
-    std::string keys = "c x v:paste r:name d:del n:new i:info s:sort";
+    std::string keys;
     if ((wantList_ || wait_ == Wait::List) && millis() - waitSinceMs_ >= kQuietMs) keys = "Reading " + files::fitName(want_, 30) + "...";
-    else if (clip_) keys = std::string("v: ") + (cut_ ? "move " : "copy ") + files::fitName(baseName(clip_.path), 20) + " here";
+    else if (clip_) keys = std::string(cut_ ? "Cut: " : "Copied: ") + files::fitName(baseName(clip_.path), 28);
     c.drawString(showMessage ? message_.c_str() : keys.c_str(), 4, area.y + area.h - 9);
 }
 
@@ -589,8 +627,6 @@ void StorageApp::drawProgress(Canvas& c) {
         line = formatBytes(s.doneBytes) + " of " + formatBytes(s.totalBytes);
     }
     c.drawString(line.c_str(), box.x + 6, box.y + 31);
-    c.setFont(&fonts::small);
-    c.drawString("Back: cancel", box.x + 6, box.y + box.h - 10);
 }
 
 }  // namespace roro

src/apps/storage_app.h

@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ class StorageApp : public App {
     bool textEntryActive() const override { return view_ == View::Name || view_ == View::Editor; }
     void update(uint32_t nowMs) override;
     void draw(Canvas& c) override;
+    void help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const override;
+    const char* helpTitle() const override;
 
    private:
     enum class View { Browse, Details, Name, Viewer, Editor, Maintenance, NoMemory };

src/apps/system_app.cpp

@@ -73,6 +73,26 @@ void SystemApp::onExit() {  // nothing is kept while it's closed (Q120)
     load_[0] = load_[1] = -1;
 }
 
+void SystemApp::help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const {
+    out.push_back({"Tab", "the next view"});
+    out.push_back({"Aa Tab", "the view before"});
+    if (view_ == View::Tasks) {
+        out.push_back({"; .", "scroll"});
+        out.push_back({"s", "sort: cpu, stack, name"});
+    }
+    if (view_ == View::System) out.push_back({"; .", "scroll"});
+}
+
+const char* SystemApp::helpTitle() const {
+    switch (view_) {
+        case View::Tasks: return "System: tasks";
+        case View::Memory: return "System: memory";
+        case View::Network: return "System: network";
+        case View::System: return "System: system";
+        default: return "System: overview";
+    }
+}
+
 bool SystemApp::onKey(const KeyEvent& e) {
     if (e.key == Key::Tab) {
         int n = static_cast<int>(View::Count), v = static_cast<int>(view_);
@@ -219,7 +239,6 @@ void SystemApp::drawOverview(Canvas& c) {
             }
         }
     }
-    footer(c, "Tab: tasks, memory, network, system");
 }
 
 void SystemApp::drawTasks(Canvas& c) {
@@ -249,8 +268,7 @@ void SystemApp::drawTasks(Canvas& c) {
         c.drawString(std::to_string(r.stackFree).c_str(), area.w - 4, y);
     }
     c.setTextDatum(top_left);
-    std::string keys = std::string("s: by ") + (sort_ == TaskSort::Share ? "stack" : sort_ == TaskSort::Stack ? "name" : "cpu") +
-                       "   " + std::to_string(rows_.size()) + " tasks   Tab: memory";
+    std::string keys = std::to_string(rows_.size()) + " tasks, by " + (sort_ == TaskSort::Share ? "cpu" : sort_ == TaskSort::Stack ? "stack" : "name");
     footer(c, keys.c_str());
 }
 
@@ -288,7 +306,7 @@ void SystemApp::drawMemory(Canvas& c) {
         int x0 = gx + 1 + static_cast<int>((i - 1) * (gw - 2) / kHistory), x1 = gx + 1 + static_cast<int>(i * (gw - 2) / kHistory);
         c.drawLine(x0, yOf(heapHistory_.at(i - 1)), x1, yOf(heapHistory_.at(i)), theme::kAccent);
     }
-    footer(c, "KB free, 2 min, with the floors   Tab: network");
+    footer(c, "KB free, 2 min, with the floors");
 }
 
 void SystemApp::drawNetwork(Canvas& c) {
@@ -331,7 +349,7 @@ void SystemApp::drawNetwork(Canvas& c) {
         y += theme::kLineHeight;
     }
     c.setTextDatum(top_left);
-    footer(c, "bytes since boot   Tab: system");
+    footer(c, "bytes since boot");
 }
 
 void SystemApp::drawSystem(Canvas& c) {
@@ -355,7 +373,6 @@ void SystemApp::drawSystem(Canvas& c) {
     wrappedLines_ = static_cast<int>(wrapped.size());
     systemTop_ = std::clamp(systemTop_, 0, std::max(0, wrappedLines_ - 8));
     widgets::textLines(c, wrapped, systemTop_, {area.x + 2, area.y + 2, area.w - 2, area.h - 12});
-    footer(c, "Tab: overview");
 }
 
 }  // namespace roro

src/apps/system_app.h

@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ class SystemApp : public App {
     bool onKey(const KeyEvent& e) override;
     void update(uint32_t nowMs) override;
     void draw(Canvas& c) override;
+    void help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const override;
+    const char* helpTitle() const override;
 
    private:
     enum class View : uint8_t { Overview, Tasks, Memory, Network, System, Count };

src/apps/wifi_settings_page.cpp

@@ -413,7 +413,6 @@ void WifiSettingsPage::draw(Canvas& c) {
             c.setTextColor(theme::kMuted);
             c.drawString(editTitle_.c_str(), 4, area.y + 4);
             widgets::lineEditor(c, editor_, {4, area.y + 22, area.w - 8, 0});
-            c.drawString("Enter: save   `: cancel", 4, area.y + 44);
             break;
         }
 
@@ -427,7 +426,7 @@ void WifiSettingsPage::draw(Canvas& c) {
                 if (!n.ssid.empty()) found.push_back(n);
             if (scan_.count() != static_cast<int>(found.size())) scan_.setCount(static_cast<int>(found.size()));
             if (found.empty()) {
-                widgets::textLines(c, {"No networks found.", "", "`: back"}, 0, area);
+                widgets::textLines(c, {"No networks found."}, 0, area);
                 break;
             }
             widgets::list(
@@ -443,20 +442,55 @@ void WifiSettingsPage::draw(Canvas& c) {
             std::string title = view_ == View::Ssid ? "Hidden network name" : "Password for " + newSsid_;
             c.drawString(title.c_str(), 4, area.y + 4);
             widgets::lineEditor(c, editor_, {4, area.y + 22, area.w - 8, 0});
-            c.drawString(view_ == View::Ssid ? "Enter: next   `: cancel" : "Enter: save (empty = open)   `: cancel", 4,
-                         area.y + 44);
+            if (view_ == View::Password) c.drawString("Leave it empty for an open network.", 4, area.y + 44);
             break;
         }
     }
 }
 
+void WifiSettingsPage::help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const {
+    if (forgetDialog_) return help::dialog(out);
+    switch (view_) {
+        case View::Main:
+            help::list(out, "open, or change");
+            out.push_back({", /", "switch Wi-Fi on or off"});
+            break;
+        case View::Servers:
+            help::list(out, "edit");
+            out.push_back({", /", "Always use my DNS: on, off"});
+            break;
+        case View::Network:
+            help::list(out, "edit, or forget");
+            out.push_back({", /", "Automatic or Fixed"});
+            break;
+        case View::Details: out.push_back({"Enter", "back"}); break;
+        case View::Scan: help::list(out, "choose this network"); break;
+        case View::Ssid: help::textEntry(out, "next: the password"); break;
+        case View::Password:
+        case View::Edit: help::textEntry(out); break;
+    }
+}
+
+const char* WifiSettingsPage::helpTitle() const {
+    switch (view_) {
+        case View::Servers: return "DNS and NTP";
+        case View::Network: return "A saved network";
+        case View::Details: return "Wi-Fi status";
+        case View::Scan: return "Add a network";
+        case View::Ssid: return "Hidden network name";
+        case View::Password: return "Wi-Fi password";
+        case View::Edit: return "Wi-Fi: a field";
+        default: return "Wi-Fi";
+    }
+}
+
 // What the device is using and where each part came from (Q113).
 void WifiSettingsPage::drawDetails(Canvas& c) {
     const auto& area = theme::kContent;
     WifiService::Connection n = wifi_.connection();
     std::vector<std::string> lines;
     if (!n.connected) {
-        lines = {statusText(), "", "`: back"};
+        lines = {statusText()};
     } else {
         lines.push_back(wifi_.ssid() + ", " + std::to_string(wifi_.rssi()) + " dBm");
         lines.push_back("Address " + n.address + "/" + std::to_string(n.prefix) + (n.fixed ? " (fixed)" : " (DHCP)"));

src/apps/wifi_settings_page.h

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "dialog_model.h"
 #include "event_bus.h"
 #include "key_event.h"
+#include "key_help.h"
 #include "line_editor.h"
 #include "list_model.h"
 #include "saved_networks.h"
@@ -30,6 +31,8 @@ class WifiSettingsPage {
     // Redraw periodically: the status, a scan, the connection details.
     bool live() const { return view_ == View::Main || view_ == View::Scan || view_ == View::Details; }
     void draw(Canvas& c);
+    void help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const;
+    const char* helpTitle() const;
 
    private:
     enum class View { Main, Scan, Ssid, Password, Details, Servers, Network, Edit };

src/apps/wifi_tools_app.cpp

@@ -153,6 +153,31 @@ void WifiToolsApp::draw(Canvas& c) {
     }
 }
 
+void WifiToolsApp::help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const {
+    switch (view_) {
+        case View::Menu: help::list(out); break;
+        case View::Networks:
+            help::list(out, "track its signal");
+            out.push_back({"s", "sort: signal, channel, name"});
+            out.push_back({"o", "open networks only"});
+            out.push_back({"h", "hide the hidden ones"});
+            out.push_back({"w", "strong ones only"});
+            out.push_back({"l", "log the scans to the card"});
+            break;
+        case View::Channels: break;
+        case View::Tracker: out.push_back({"m", "clicks on or off"}); break;
+    }
+}
+
+const char* WifiToolsApp::helpTitle() const {
+    switch (view_) {
+        case View::Networks: return "Networks nearby";
+        case View::Channels: return "Channel occupancy";
+        case View::Tracker: return "Signal tracker";
+        default: return nullptr;
+    }
+}
+
 void WifiToolsApp::drawNetworks(Canvas& c) {
     const auto& area = theme::kContent;
     const auto& scan = wifi_.listScan();
@@ -178,7 +203,7 @@ void WifiToolsApp::drawNetworks(Canvas& c) {
         widgets::textLines(c,
                            {wifi_.listScanDone() ? (any ? "Nothing matches the filter." : "No networks found yet.")
                                                  : "Scanning...",
-                            "", "s sort  o open  h hide-hidden  w strong  l log"},
+                            },
                            0, list);
         return;
     }
@@ -233,7 +258,7 @@ void WifiToolsApp::drawTracker(Canvas& c) {
     c.drawString(targetName_.c_str(), 4, area.y + 2);
     c.setFont(&fonts::small);
     c.setTextColor(theme::kMuted);
-    std::string sub = targetBssid_ + "  ch" + std::to_string(targetChannel_) + "  m: clicks " + (clicks_ ? "on" : "off");
+    std::string sub = targetBssid_ + "  ch" + std::to_string(targetChannel_) + "  clicks " + (clicks_ ? "on" : "off");
     c.drawString(sub.c_str(), 4, area.y + 17);
 
     c.setFont(&fonts::bold);

src/apps/wifi_tools_app.h

@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ class WifiToolsApp : public App {
     bool onKey(const KeyEvent& e) override;
     void update(uint32_t nowMs) override;
     void draw(Canvas& c) override;
+    void help(std::vector<KeyHelp>& out) const override;
+    const char* helpTitle() const override;
 
    private:
     enum class View { Menu, Networks, Channels, Tracker };

src/main.cpp

@@ -225,6 +225,13 @@ void setup() {
     services.startAll(millis());
     apps->begin();
     if (!settings.getBool(Setting::SetupDone)) apps->openModal("setup");
+    // No screen names its keys any more (issue #69): Setup teaches the help key to a new device, and
+    // one that was set up before this firmware is told once, here.
+    if (!settings.getBool(Setting::HelpTold)) {
+        if (settings.getBool(Setting::SetupDone))
+            bus.publish(Event::withText(EventType::Notification, "Fn+h: the keys of any screen", static_cast<int32_t>(NotificationLevel::Info)));
+        settings.setBool(Setting::HelpTold, true);
+    }
     console.printf("%s %s ready, free heap %u, last start: %s\n", kProductName, versionString(), ESP.getFreeHeap(),
                    system_info::resetReason());
     if (system_info::resetWasCrash()) {
@@ -555,7 +562,7 @@ static const char* const kHelp =
     "gnss status | gnss restart | gnss track start|stop | gnss nmea on|off | gnss send <sentence without $ and checksum>\n"
     "crash             the last crash: firmware, reason, task, backtrace\n"
     "coredump erase    forget the core dump in flash\n"
-    "key <name|char>   press a key: up down left right select back home del tab space, or one character\n"
+    "key <name|char>   press a key: up down left right select back home del tab space help, or one character\n"
     "wifi status | wifi add <ssid><TAB><password>\n"
     "wifi ip <ssid> dhcp | wifi ip <ssid> <address>/<prefix> [gateway]   a Saved Network's IP setting\n"
     "wifi dns <a> [b] | wifi dns always on|off | wifi ntp <a> [b]   DNS and NTP servers\n"
@@ -842,7 +849,7 @@ static void runCommand(String line, bool fromSerial = false) {
         String k = line.substring(4);
         Key key = k == "up" ? Key::Up : k == "down" ? Key::Down : k == "left" ? Key::Left
                 : k == "right" ? Key::Right : k == "back" ? Key::Back : k == "home" ? Key::Home
-                : k == "del" ? Key::Delete : k == "tab" ? Key::Tab : Key::Select;
+                : k == "del" ? Key::Delete : k == "tab" ? Key::Tab : k == "help" ? Key::Help : Key::Select;
         KeyEvent ev = k == "space"                       ? KeyEvent::character(' ')
                       : k.length() == 1 && k[0] > ' ' ? KeyEvent::character((unsigned char)k[0])
                                                       : KeyEvent::of(key);

src/services/gemini_service.cpp

@@ -459,8 +459,7 @@ void GeminiService::openSaved(const std::string& path, GeminiPage& page) {
 
 // about:start (Q78, Q84): bookmarks, then Saved Pages by capsule, newest first, then defaults.
 void GeminiService::composeStart(GeminiPage& page) {
-    std::string doc = "# Gemini\nTab picks a link, Enter follows it, Back returns, g types an address. "
-                      "On a page: b bookmarks it, s saves it to read offline, S with the pages it links to.\n";
+    std::string doc = "# Gemini\nYour bookmarks and Saved Pages, then a few places to start.\n";
     std::string bookmarks;
     std::vector<SavedEntry> saved;
     bool card = storage_.runAndWait([&]() {

src/ui/screen.cpp

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ void Screen::render(AppManager& apps, const StatusInfo& status, const Toast* toa
     const auto& area = theme::kContent;
     canvas_.setClipRect(area.x, area.y, area.w, area.h);
     apps.foreground().draw(canvas_);
+    if (apps.help().isOpen()) widgets::help(canvas_, apps.help());  // over the App, under the Status Bar
     canvas_.clearClipRect();
     widgets::statusBar(canvas_, status);
     if (toast) widgets::toast(canvas_, *toast);

src/ui/widgets.cpp

@@ -175,4 +175,40 @@ void toast(Canvas& c, const Toast& t) {
     c.clearClipRect();
 }
 
+void help(Canvas& c, const HelpModel& model) {
+    const auto& area = kContent;
+    c.fillRect(area.x, area.y, area.w, area.h, kBackground);
+    c.setTextDatum(top_left);
+    c.setFont(&fonts::bold);
+    c.setTextColor(kAccent);
+    c.drawString(("Keys: " + model.title()).c_str(), 4, area.y + 1);
+    c.drawFastHLine(4, area.y + 13, area.w - 8, kMuted);
+
+    const int top = area.y + 16, keysX = 4, actionX = 70;
+    const auto& rows = model.rows();
+    int count = static_cast<int>(rows.size());
+    for (int row = 0; row < model.visibleRows(); row++) {
+        int i = model.top() + row;
+        if (i >= count) break;
+        int y = top + row * kLineHeight;
+        if (!rows[i].action) {  // a heading
+            c.setFont(&fonts::bold);
+            c.setTextColor(kMuted);
+            c.drawString(rows[i].keys, keysX, y);
+            continue;
+        }
+        c.setFont(&fonts::body);
+        c.setTextColor(kAccent);
+        c.drawString(rows[i].keys, keysX, y);
+        c.setTextColor(kText);
+        c.drawString(rows[i].action, actionX, y);
+    }
+    if (count > model.visibleRows()) {
+        int h = model.visibleRows() * kLineHeight;
+        int barH = h * model.visibleRows() / count;
+        int barY = top + (h - barH) * model.top() / (count - model.visibleRows());
+        c.fillRect(area.x + area.w - 2, barY, 2, barH, kMuted);
+    }
+}
+
 }  // namespace roro::widgets

src/ui/widgets.h

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 #include "canvas.h"
 #include "dialog_model.h"
+#include "key_help.h"
 #include "line_editor.h"
 #include "list_model.h"
 #include "text_wrap.h"
@@ -59,6 +60,9 @@ void lineEditor(Canvas& c, const LineEditor& editor, theme::Rect area);
 
 void dialog(Canvas& c, const std::string& title, const std::string& message, const DialogModel& model);
 
+// The help panel (Fn+h): the keys of the screen under it, over the whole content area.
+void help(Canvas& c, const HelpModel& model);
+
 void toast(Canvas& c, const Toast& t);
 
 }  // namespace widgets